Investigating the birth prevalence of congenital club foot in both Paktya and Kapisa provinces of Afghanistan

Najibullah Shafaq; Walikhan Oryakhil

doi:10.18203/issn.2455-4510.IntJResOrthop20210618

Authors

Najibullah Shafaq Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al Beroni University, Kapisa, Afghanistan
Walikhan Oryakhil Department of Surgery, Faculty of medicine, Paktya university, Paktya, Afghanistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4510.IntJResOrthop20210618

Keywords:

Club foot, Congenital anomaly, Male population, Afghanistan

Abstract

Background: Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) or Clubfoot is one of the most common birth defects of the musculoskeletal system and affects 1 in every 1000 live births each year that cause mobility impairment. The purpose of this study is to investigating the birth prevalence of congenital club foot in both paktya and kapisa provinces of Afghanistan.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in all live birth babies during one-year period in the Paktya regional hospital (paktya province) and Alberoni teaching hospital (kapisa province) of Afghanistan from September 2019 to September 2020. In this study, all ethical considerations were considered. The variables that were examined in our study included the following: type of delivery, maternal age, gender and form of laterality of the legs in the baby. The legs of newborn were photographed on the first day of birth and evaluated by an orthopedic surgeon. Finally, statistical data were analyzed by using SPSS software

Results: In this study 35 cases of multiple births including 33 cases of twins and 2 cases of triplets were recorded and the rate of cesarean section was 5.96%. In this group data showed 99.65% of infants with no congenital talipes equinovarus or club foot abnormalities Subsequently, 0.35% or 36 people had congenital clubfoot which shows more incidence in male then female and unilateral form was more common.

Conclusions: Based on our study result, we found that prevalence of clubfoot is about 3.5 per 1000 live birth similar to other low-income countries. Because of diagnosis and treatment of clubfoot in the early stage is more possible Therefore, timely recognition, diagnosis and treatment are significant and helpful to decrease medical expenses. Our result in this study support high prevalence of clubfoot anomaly in mentioned provinces of Afghanistan because of different genetic and environmental risk factors. To provide practical suggestions we need more epidemiologic study in all over the Afghanistan.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Moore KL. Clinically oriented Anatomy, 5th ed., USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2006;658-714.

Penny JN. The neglected clubfoot. Tech Orthop. 2005;20:153-166.

Palma M, Cook T, Segura J, Pecho A, Morcuende JA. Descriptive epidemiology of clubfoot in Peru: a clinic-based study. The Iowa Orthop J. 2013;33:167-71.

Ukoha U, Incidence of congenital talipes equinovarus among children in southeast Nigeria. Int J Biol Med Res. 2011;2(3):712-15.

Ching GH. Genetic and epidemiological studies of clubfoot in Hawaii: ascertainment and incidence. Am J Hum Genet. 1969;(21):566-80.

Jowett CR. Management of congenital talipes equinovarus using the Ponseti method: a systematic review. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2011;(93):1160-4.

W.H.O. (WHO). International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health – Child and Youth Version: ICF-CY. WHO, Switzerland. 2007.

Werler MM. Descriptive epidemiology of idiopathic clubfoot. Am J Med Genet A. 2013;(161):1569-78.

Siapkara A. Congenital talipes equinovarus. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2007;(89):995-1000.

Dietz F. The genetics of idiopathic clubfoot. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2002;(401):39-48.

Dobbs MB. Update on clubfoot: etiology and treatment. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009;(467):1146-53.

Dobbs MB. Genetics of clubfoot. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2012;(21):7-9.

Byron-Scott R. A South Australian population-based study of congenital talipes equinovarus. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2005;(19):227-37.

Cardy AH. Is there evidence for aetiologically distinct subgroups of idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus? A caseonly study and pedigree analysis. PLoS One. 2011;(6).

Parker SE. Multistate study of the epidemiology of clubfoot. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2009;(85):897-904.

Asuquo JE. Descriptive epidemiology and predisposing factors to idiopathic talipes equinovarus in South South Nigeria. J Public Health Epidemiol. 2016;8(8):147-51.

Ukoha U. Incidence of congenital talipes equinovarus among children in southeast Nigeria/ Int J Biological Med Res. 2011;2(3):712-5.

Sami AL. Cross sectional Study of Club Foot at Tertiary Care Hospital. Annals of King Edward Med Univ. 2010;16:20.

Ahmad I. Cross Sectional Study of Clinical Profile and Treatment of Clubfoot by Ponseti Method among Infants at a Tertiary Care Hospital. Health Sci J. 2020;14(4):232-9.

Chesney DJ. Management of Congenital Talipes Equino varus in Scotland: A Nationwide Audit. The Surgeon. 2004;47-51.

Cardy AH. Pedigree analy-sis and epidemiological features of Idiopathic congenital Talipes Equinovarus in United Kingdom. BMC Musculoskelet disord. 2007;7:62-9.

WHO, World Atlas of Birth Defects. The International Centre for Birth Defects (ICBD) of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Monitoring Systems (ICBDMS) in, World Health Organisation, Geneva. 2003.