Vitamin D deficiency: how prevalent it is?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4510.IntJResOrthop20190560Keywords:
Vitamin D levels, Body mass index, Physical activityAbstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency is frequently seen nowadays due to inadequate exposure to sun and pollution. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients presenting with suggestive complaints.
Methods: The present study is a retrospective study done at Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mukka, Suratkal, Mangaluru. Patients who have musculoskeletal or other problem suggestive of vitamin D deficiency were advised vitamin D levels. We went through OPD papers of only those patients with reports of Vitamin D levels.
Results: In present study, out of 100 patients, 42 (42%) patients had normal BMI, 23 (23%) patients were overweight, 24 (24%) patients were obese while 11 (11%) patients were underweight. 46 (46%) patients were having walk for exercise purpose, 21 (21%) were doing work out at gym while 33 (33%) patients were walking only for doing some work. 47 (47%) patients had normal levels of vitamin D, 31 (31%) had insufficient levels while 22 (22%) patients had deficient levels of vitamin D. So, prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 22% and for vitamin D insufficiency was 31%.
Conclusions: In present study, we conclude that irrespective of normal body mass index or physical activity, patients presented with various complaints. In them, vitamin D levels were either insufficient or deficient in large number of patients. So, vitamin D levels should be done as screening or at least when patients present with suggestive complaint.
References
Van Schoor NM, Lips P. Worldwide Vitamin D Status. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;25:671–680.
Holick MF, Chen TC. "Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences". Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(4):1080S–6S.
Vitamin D. Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Professional Edition. Available at https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/nutritional-disorders/vitamin-deficiency,-dependency,-and-toxicity/vitamin-d. Accessed 6 January 2019.
Gupta A. "Vitamin D deficiency in India: prevalence, causalities and interventions". Nutrients. 2014;6(2):729–75.
Federal Register. Food Labeling: Revision of the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels. 2016;33982.
Looker AC, Johnson CL, Lacher DA. Vitamin D Status: United States, 2001-2006. Hyattsville, MD: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2011.
Wang TJ, Pencina MJ, Booth SL, Jacques PF, Ingelsson E, Lanier K, Benjamin EJ. Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2008;117:503–11.
Pittas AG, Lau J, Hu FB, Dawson-Hughes B. The role of vitamin D and calcium in type 2 diabetes. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2007;92:2017–29.
Gorham ED, Garland CF, Garland FC, Grant WB, Mohr SB, Lipkin M, et al. Optimal vitamin D status for colorectal cancer prevention: A quantitative meta-analysis. Am J Prev Med. 2007;32:210–6.
Cannell JJ, Vieth R, Willett W, Zasloff M, Hathcock JN, White JH. Cod liver oil, vitamin A toxicity, frequent respiratory infections, and the vitamin D deficiency epidemic. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2008;117:864–70.
Eric Orwoll, Carrie M. Nielson, Lynn M. Marshall, Lori Lambert, Kathleen F. Holton, Vitamin D Deficiency in Older Men. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism. 2009;94(4):1214–22.
Hashemipour S, Larijani B, Adibi H, Javadi E, Sedaghat M. Vitamin D deficiency and causative factors in the population of Tehran. BMC Public Health. 2004;38.
Sedrani SH, Elidrissy AW, Arabi KM: Sunlight and vitamin D status in normal Saudi subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 1983;38:129-32.
